Softwere and Programmer as Controller of The Project

Title of activity: list the component that may use

Objective: List which component should be used in project and determine the controller of the project

Content: 

this is transducer measure the speed:

Example of Rotary Encoder Kit

DC Motor

LabView Software.

• LabVIEW (short for Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench) is a platform and development environment for a visual programming language from National Instruments. The purpose of such programming is automating the usage of processing and measuring equipment in any laboratory setup. The graphical language is named "G" (not to be confused with G-code). Originally released for the Apple Macintosh in 1986, LabVIEW is commonly used for data acquisition,instrument control, and industrial automation on a variety of platforms including Microsoft Windows, various versions of UNIX, Linux, and Mac OS X. The latest version of LabVIEW is version LabVIEW 2011, released in August 2011.

• LabVIEW ties the creation of user interfaces (called front panels) into the development cycle. LabVIEW programs/subroutines are called virtual instruments (VIs). Each VI has three components: a block diagram, a front panel and a connector panel. The last is used to represent the VI in the block diagrams of other, calling VIs. Controls and indicators on the front panel allow an operator to input data into or extract data from a running virtual instrument. However, the front panel can also serve as a programmatic interface. Thus a virtual instrument can either be run as a program, with the front panel serving as a user interface, or, when dropped as a node onto the block diagram, the front panel defines the inputs and outputs for the given node through the connector pane. This implies each VI can be easily tested before being embedded as a subroutine into a larger program. The graphical approach also allows non-programmers to build programs by dragging and dropping virtual representations of lab equipment with which they are already familiar. The LabVIEW programming environment, with the included examples and documentation, makes it simple to create small applications.

Result and analysis

For time being I have to decide which one should i choose either I need control Dc speed motor using LAB View Or Microprocessor.. All the component and function still remain but the controller of speed is different.  Basically, both can be used. the advantages is in many industries, lab view is quiet demand.

Conclusion

I decided to choose Labview as the software to control the DC speed motor.

Previous Project and Research From The Books and Internet

Title of activity- Do some research and what need to be attached at the project

Objective- got overview of the project by looking video for research and leaned what circuit should be constructed.

Content-these are some research and idea for my project

1.      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=adkq_apZeTk (speed control)

2.      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9dVIOP5oUE ( Closed loop by using lab view)

3.      http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cn83jR2mchw(sensor need to be used)

Results and analysis

-Problem encounter

1.If I use infra red (IR) as transmitter and receiver for optical encoder for more narrow light. In theory, these will allow me to increase the resolution of optical encoder by increasing the number of slots.  Thus, it will reduce the steady state error .Besides, time for getting data and for controller to take action also can be reduced.  So, the motor speed response will become better. So, we need to try weather it is function or not.

2. Due to the size of photodiode which is quite big, the number of slots at cardboard that can be used is 8. The rotary encoder also have a less durability to do a constant test, because it easy to broke.

Conclusion

I have detected  some problem  in sensor and I choose optical encoder because  it produce pulse and it is easier to compare to lab view or PIC.

Proposal of The Project

Title of activity: 1. Do a proposal report writing

                            2. Do a research about the component need to be used

                            3. Know concept of feedback of closed looped system    

Objective-   -To do a proposal for final year project

                    - Give overview of the final year project 

1^st content       :

Obtain format of proposal report writing from lecturer which is:-

-abstract (basic concept of the project)

-introduction of project

-problem statement (why we choose this project and how it is benefit to the technology)  

-Literature review (theory of the project)

-components

-flow chart

-Block diagram

-Related sofwere

-Work plan

-budget

2^nd content       :

List  of the component

Budget

Hardware

No	Component
1	IC 16f877a
2	Servo motor
3	Rotary encoder kit
4	Slotted disc
5	Output shaft
6	Optical sensor

Software

No	Component
1	DAQ card
2	Lab View software
3	Microcontroller

Motor controller circuit

No	Component	Quanity
1	Voltage regulator (LM805)	1
2	Resistor	12
3	Motor Drive (L298)	1

Conclusion

Anything idea and flow of the project should be updated in my Proposal for my project( Closed loop controlled motor using PWM ). From the proposal I can see the overview of the project.

Block Diagram For The Project

Title of activity: build a block diagram and do some research about the project

Objective: to understand the block diagram in detail

Content:- In this week, I had started to make block diagram. My advisors give some information and teach me how from base on the block diagram we do the project. Before design the block diagram, I should know full concept of the project and how does it work. A lot of useful information from advisor can be used to design block diagram

Result and Analysis

            Basic concept of control sytem

In general open loop control means that you send electrical signals to an actuator to perform a certain action, like connecting a motor to a battery for example. In this scheme of control, there is no any mean for your controller to make sure the task was performed correctly and it often needs human intervention to obtain accurate results. A very simple example of open loop control is the remote controller of an RC toy car; you - the human - have to constantly check the position and the velocity of the car to adapt to the situation and move the car to the desired place. But if it let the electronics handle a part, not all of the tasks performed by a human in an open loop controller, while obtaining more accurate results with extremely short response time? This is what called a closed loop control.

            In order to be able to build a closed loop controller, you need some mean of gaining information about the rotation of the shaft like the number of revolutions executed per second, or even the precise angle of the shaft. This source of information about the shaft of the motor is called “feed – back” because it sends backs information from the controlled actuator to the controller. shows clearly the difference between the two control schemes. Both type dshave a controller that gives orders to a driver, which is power circuit (usually an H Bridge) that drives the motor in the required direction.It is clear that the closed loop system is more complicated because it needs a 'shaft encoder' which is a device that will translate the rotation of the shaft into electrical signals that can be communicated to the controller. In other words, a closed loop controller will regulate the power delivered to the motor to reach the required velocity. If the motor is to turn faster than the required velocity, the controller will deliver less power to the motor. Controlling the electrical power delivered to the motors is usually done by Pulse Width Modulation.

• This is draft for my final project block diagram:-

closed loop controlled dc motor using PWM

Conclusion

Block diagram is the best referring diagram before start the project. I have learned the concept base on block diagram. Every each block has its own function.